Четверг, 28 марта 2024

Сетевой маркетинг на Кипре: законно или нет?

Фото pixabay.com

Полиция Кипра расследует десять дел о деятельности на Кипре финансовых пирамид. С 2015 года такая форма бизнеса запрещена законом.

Под пирамидой понимается такая схема продажи товаров и услуг, когда клиент на первом этапе вносит денежную сумму за участие в проекте и затем должен привлекать новых клиентов, получая за каждого дополнительный доход и больше привилегий внутри структуры. В пирамидах используются психотехники влияния, с помощью которых менеджеры рекрутируют новых членов. Основной приманкой для жертв традиционно остается обещание дополнительного заработка.

Жители Кипра часто слышали о компаниях, предлагающих путешествия, косметику, товары личной гигиены или средства для похудения. Служба по защите прав потребителей не раз рекомендовала жителям не участвовать в сетевом маркетинге и пирамидах.

Что говорит закон?

По данным Отдела расследования финансовых преступлений, сейчас сотрудники расследуют десять таких пирамид, большинство из которых работали в сфере торговли и разных видов инвестиций. Криминализация сетевого маркетинга произошла в 2015 году, когда в Уголовный кодекс была добавлена статья 300А.

Человек, который
а) организует, управляет или продвигает финансовую пирамиду;
б) привлекает других лиц к участию в ней;
в) участвует в финансовой схеме, зная, что это пирамида;
виновен в уголовном преступлении и может получить тюремное заключение сроком до пяти лет и/или денежным штрафом в размере до 200 000 евро. Суд может принять во внимание, насколько качественен предлагаемый посредством сетевого маркетинга товар или услуга, и насколько его цена соответствует рыночной.

История сетевого бизнеса

Финансовые пирамиды уходят своими корнями в 1919 год, к деятельности итальянского иммигранта в США Чарльза Понци, фамилия которого в английском языке стала нарицательной (Ponzi scheme — «финансовая пирамида). Понци предлагал инвесторам вложить деньги в его компанию The Security Exchange Company, обещая им доход в 50% от инвестированной суммы через 45 дней и 100% через 90 дней. Он действительно поначалу выплачивал инвесторам обещанные суммы, но делал это из денег, которые собирал с других инвесторов, остаток забирая себе. Афера продолжалась примерно год, пока местная газета не вскрыла схему. Инвесторы потребовали деньги обратно, общая сумма их требований составила 2 млн долларов.

 

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