Пятница, 29 марта 2024

Фотоархив ВК: Площадь Свободы от старого моста до Захи Хадид

Фото: reporter.com.cy

Площадь Свободы неразрывно связана с историей Никосии. «Вестник Кипра» выбрал несколько ретро-фото, чтобы рассказать об этом месте подробнее.

История площади начинается в 1882 году. Англичанам было критически важно объединить исторический центр Никосии с построенным ими районом, где располагалась колониальная администрация. Для этих целей на первом этапе был сооружен деревянный мост, который вел с бастиона д’Авилла. Со временем он стал шире, а рядом появились насыпи, так что получилась небольшая площадь.

Следующим ее названием стало имя, данное в честь Иоанниса Метаксаса — премьер-министра, управлявшего Грецией с 1936 года. Метаксас был известен своей крайне националистической идеологией, вошедшей в историю как «метаксизм». В частности, он считал, что граждане Греции должны быть чистокровными греками, на основании чего населявшим страну туркам, болгарам и албанцам было отказано в правах. Хотя диктатура Метаксаса, известная как «режим 4 августа», длилась недолго, с 1936 по 1941 год, площадь продолжала носить имя одиозного политика вплоть до 1975 года, вызывая в обществе идейное противостояние.

После турецкого вторжения 1974 года мэр Никосии Леллос Димитриадис призвал сменить имя главной площади столицы и предложил несколько вариантов. В результате голосования жителей Никосии победило название «площадь Свободы».

На площади выступал архиепископ Макариос III, проходили митинги 1983 года против создания квази-государства на оккупированных территориях и 2004 года против объединения острова по плану Аннана.

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В последние годы площадь Свободы была известна как самый дорогой долгострой страны. Начало реконструкции площади было положено в 2003 году, а ее благоустройство официально завершено только 1 января 2021 года.

В 2003 году был объявлен архитектурный конкурс на перепланировку площади. Победителем стало архитектурное бюро всемирно известной женщины-архитектора Захи Хадид. В 2009 году во время начальных работ были сделаны археологические находки, из-за которых пришлось внести изменения в первоначальный дизайн.

Полноценные работы на площади Свободы начались только в 2012 году. Датой их завершения было объявлено 6 февраля 2013 года. Проект, который изначально оценивался в 23 млн евро, столкнулся с задержками из-за технических и контрактных проблем. В феврале 2014 года первый подрядчик, Мильтиадис Неофиту, вышел из проекта. Государство выплатило ему 522 000 евро в качестве компенсации. Управление проектом взяла на себя компания Lois Builders. Был назначен новый срок сдачи проекта — 6 апреля 2016 года.

Из-за очередных задержек ввод проекта в эксплуатацию вновь был отложен. В марте 2016 года Главное казначейство Республики Кипр договорилось со сторонами, участвующими в работах, о сдаче объекта 3 января 2018 года. Затем был установлен новый срок — 24 июля 2018 года. Наконец, 21 декабря 2018 года верхняя часть площади открылась для публики.

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Фото: reporter.com.cy

 

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