Четверг, 28 марта 2024

8 марта: напомнить о гендерном неравенстве на работе

Фото freepik.com

Расширение профессиональных прав и возможностей женщин, равно как и совмещение профессиональных и семейных обязанностей должны оставаться в числе приоритетов государства и быть ключевыми целями в деле обеспечения гендерного равенства. Такое заявление принял профсоюз PEO по случаю Международного женского дня.

Проблема остается актуальной

Утром 8 марта на улице Ледра профсоюз провел свое мероприятие. Открылась встреча выступлением школьных хоров. В дискуссионной части говорили о гендерном разрыве в оплате труда и пагубных последствиях этого факта для профессионального развития женщин. Члены профсоюза уверены: равные возможности на работе – одна из основополагающих ценностей Европейского союза, но при этом борьба за права женщин остается одной из актуальных проблем.

Согласно рейтингу Европейского института гендерного равенства, Кипр занимает в ЕС 21 место из 28. Такая – крайне низкая – позиция «свидетельствует о провале государственной политики в области поощрения и обеспечения гендерного равенства». Антикризисные меры жесткой экономии оказали наиболее негативное воздействие на безработных и одиноких женщин, многодетных матерей, пенсионеров с низким доходом и женщин с нестабильной занятостью, сказали в профсоюзе.

Женщины наиболее уязвимы

Изменения на рынке труда в последние годы привели к дерегулированию и крайней эксплуатации работников. «В результате многие женщины продолжают сталкиваться с трудностями в достижении финансовой независимости и часто принадлежат к наиболее уязвимым группам населения», – говорится в заявлении профсоюза. Они более остальных страдают от эксплуататорских форм труда, таких как внештатная занятость и так называемые «контракты с нулевыми часами» (когда работодатель не гарантирует сотруднику рабочее время). По мнению профсоюза, все это увеличивает разрыв в оплате труда между мужчинами и женщинами и лишает женщин «возможностей для продуктивной и достойной работы, сознательно удерживая их подальше от доступа к руководящим должностям». Профсоюз PEO призвал к проведению национальной политики, которая будет способствовать расширению профессиональных прав и возможностей женщин и совмещению их профессиональной и семейной жизни.

История праздника

В 1909 году социалистическая партия США объявила о праздновании 28 февраля национального женского дня, который был посвящен участницам митинга о равноправии женщин, прошедшем в Нью-Йорке. В 1910 году Клара Цеткин, выступая на Международной социалистической женской конференции в Копенгагене, предложила учредить женский день. По её задумке, целью новой даты предполагалось привлечение внимания к правам женщин: день борьбы женщины за равноправие с мужчинами должен быть отмечен на международном уровне.

Сначала женский день отмечался 19 марта. Затем дату праздника перенесли на 12 мая. На дате 8 марта праздник зафиксировался только в 1914 году. В Россию новость об учреждении международного женского дня привезла пламенная революционерка и товарищ Клары Цеткин Александра Коллонтай. Женский день был официально признан праздничным днем после революции 1917 года, а вот выходным он стал только в 1966 году. С 1975 года Организация объединенных наций также объявила 8 марта Международным женским днем. В СССР праздник постепенно потерял свою яркую социальную окраску и стал просто днем внимания и любви к представительницам прекрасного пола.

 

 

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